TOKYO - Japan's population including foreign residents fell by a record 3.10 million, or 2.5 percent, from 2020 to 123,049,524 last year, the latest census showed Friday, highlighting the demographic challenges facing the rapidly graying society.

The census, conducted every five years since 1920, showed that the total population declined for the third straight survey and that 30.1 percent was concentrated in the Tokyo metropolitan area as of Oct. 1, crossing the 30 percent threshold for the first time.

Related coverage: